The Greek War of Independence (1821–1830) was a defining moment in European history, marking the decline of Ottoman control in the Balkans and the rise of modern nation-states. Greek revolutionaries, motivated by nationalism and philhellenism (love of Greek culture), sought independence from Ottoman rule. Initially led by Alexander Ypsilantis and the Pilikí Etaireía (Friendly Brotherhood), the rebellion spread across Greece. Despite early defeats, the Greeks secured foreign intervention from Britain, France, and Russia, leading to their eventual independence.

This student worksheet helps students examine the causes, key events, and consequences of the Greek War of Independence. It includes source-based questions that develop critical thinking and historical analysis skills. Students will investigate why European powers intervened, the impact of the Battle of Navarino, and how the London Protocol (1830) shaped Greek independence.

Designed for IBDP HL Paper 3 – The Ottoman Empire (c.1800–1923), this worksheet includes Paper 1-style questions, making it useful for IB exam practice. However, it is also suitable for A-Level, AP History, and other high school courses covering 19th-century European history and nationalism.

The worksheet features source analysis questions that encourage students to explore humanitarian, strategic, and religious motivations for European intervention. It also includes a historical film link, allowing students to visually engage with key themes and events from the war. The structured activities ensure students can connect historical sources, visual media, and key events to develop a deeper understanding of the conflict.

For teachers, this resource saves valuable lesson preparation time by offering engaging, structured activities that foster historical inquiry and critical thinking. The Greek War of Independence (1821–1830) Student Worksheet provides a clear and accessible framework for students to analyse this pivotal event in European and Ottoman history.

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